Child Welfare

Safety and Efficacy of Flexible-Dose Deutetrabenazine in Children and Adolescents With Tourette Syndrome A Randomized Clinical Trial

July 1, 2021

Importance: Tourette syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by childhood onset of motor and phonic tics; treatments for tics are associated with safety concerns. Deutetrabenazine is a selective vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor approved for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington disease and tardive dyskinesia in adults. Objective : To examine whether deutetrabenazine is…
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Original qualitative research – Access to mental health for Black youths in Alberta

July 1, 2021

Introduction: The objective of this study was to examine the barriers that influence access to and use of mental health services by Black youths in Alberta. Methods: We used a youth-led participatory action research (PAR) methodology within a youth empowerment model situated within intersectionality theory to understand access to health care for both Canadian-born and…
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Does school connectedness differ by student ethnicity? A latent class analysis among Canadian youth

July 1, 2021

Latent class analysis was performed to identify clusters of items on the Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health – School Connectedness Scale among students. Cluster membership was explored by student-reported ethnicity. The sample included students attending Canadian secondary schools in two waves of the COMPASS study: Years 4 (Y4:2015/16) (N=40,436) and 7 (Y7:2018/19) (N=60,610). Results were…
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Examining decision-making tools and child welfare involvement among Black families in Ontario, Canada

July 1, 2021

In examining 20 years of data using the first five cycles of the Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (OIS-1993 to OIS-2013), Antwi-Boasiako, King, Fallon, Trocm´e, Fluke, et al. (2020) found that the incidence of child welfare investigations in the province doubled for White families between 1998 and 2003; the incidence of…
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The importance of mentorship support for African refugee students in Ontario secondary schools

July 1, 2021

The number of African refugees has been increasing in many countries, including Canada. As the number of refugee students are increasing, school support and programming must be adapted and enhanced to assist in the integration and settlement of refugee students, whose needs are different from those of immigrant students. This essay is part of a…
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Food insecurity, food skills, health literacy and food preparation activities among young Canadian adults: a cross-sectional analysis

July 1, 2021

Objective: To assess associations between household food security status and indicators of food skills, health literacy and home meal preparation, among young Canadian adults. Design: Cross-sectional data were analysed using logistic regression and general linear models to assess associations between food security status and food skills, health literacy and the proportion of meals prepared at…
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Fifteen-year trends in self-reported racism and link with health and well-being of African Canadian adolescents: a secondary data analysis

April 12, 2021

Background: We assessed the prevalence and trends in racial discrimination among African Canadian adolescents in British Columbia. The association between racial discrimination and self-rated health, access to mental health services, substance use, suicidal thoughts and attempts, experience of extreme stress, among others were examined within the 2018 dataset. Methods: Secondary analysis used the data collected…
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Sexual Debut Among Heterosexual Men of African and Caribbean Descent: Are the Youth Initiating Sex Earlier than the Older Generation?.

February 4, 2021

Although age at first sex is considered a measure of sexual risk and vulnerability for HIV infection, there is a dearth of literature on age at sexual debut in the Canadian context. This study examined time variations to first sex among heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) men in four Ontarian cities. A population-based retrospective…
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Great Expectations: Perspectives of Young West African Immigrant Men Transitioning to the Canadian Labour Market Without Postsecondary Education

July 1, 2020

This article employs a life course perspective to examine the life experiences—expectations, disappointments and second chances—of young men from West African immigrant families who did not complete postsecondary education. Specifically, it demonstrates the discrepancy between the education and career expectations that parents have for their sons and the men's own expectations as they transitioned from…
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Whole-body heat exchange in black-African and Caucasian men during exercise eliciting matched heat-loss requirements in dry heat

July 1, 2020

Ethnicity has long been thought to modulate thermoregulatory function; however, an evaluation of whole-body heat exchange in men of black-African descent and Caucasian men (white-European descendants), born and raised in the same climate, during exercise eliciting matched heat-loss requirements remained unavailable. We therefore used direct calorimetry to assess whole-body total heat loss (evaporative plus dry…
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