Child Welfare

Addressing the overrepresentation of Black children in Ontario’s child welfare system: insights from child welfare workers and community service providers

July 1, 2022

Background: The overrepresentation Black children experience in the child welfare system is well documented in the United States, but such studies are now emerging in Canada. In Ontario, there are few studies that address this issue concerning Black families. Objective: This study is to explore the insights of child welfare workers and community service providers…
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Health Care Experiences of Patients Discontinuing or Reversing Prior Gender-Affirming Treatments

July 1, 2022

Importance: Medical education, research, and clinical guidelines are available to support the initiation of gender-affirming care for transgender and nonbinary people. By contrast, little is known about the clinical experiences of those who discontinue or seek to reverse gender-affirming medical or surgical interventions due to a change in gender identity, often referred to as detransition.…
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Barriers to and facilitators of accessing HIV services for street-involved youth in Canada and Kenya

July 1, 2022

Introduction : UNICEF estimates that there are as many as 100 million street-involved youth (SIY) globally. Marginalized conditions put SIY at higher risk of HIV and adverse outcomes once HIV-positive. The objective of this analysis was to describe barriers and facilitators of accessing HIV prevention, testing, and treatment services as Phase I of an implementation…
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Pooled efficacy results of estetrol/drospirenone combined oral contraception phase 3 trials

July 1, 2022

Objective: To evaluate overall and subgroup efficacy of an estetrol (E4) 15 mg drospirenone (DRSP) 3 mg oral contraceptive in a 24/4-day regimen. Study design: We pooled efficacy outcomes from 2 pivotal phase 3 contraceptive trials with E4/DRSP conducted in the United States/Canada and Europe/Russia. We assessed Pearl Index (PI; pregnancies per 100 participant-years) and…
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“Jamaican” as Synecdoche for Black Male Identification: Performing Blackness in Toronto

July 1, 2022

Findings from youth focus groups in Jamaica and Canada between spring and summer 2013 elucidate the ways in which the construction of Jamaican masculinity is both deployed and challenged by Black youth in Toronto. In Toronto, where Jamaicans make up the largest share of Black communities, Jamaica and Jamaicanness are made to stand in for…
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A Qualitative Examination of How Somali Young Adults Think About and Understand Violence in Their Communities

July 1, 2022

Violence prevention efforts must take into consideration the potentially stigmatizing labels associated with violence, and how youth perceive different types of violence in their communities. Somali communities and individuals in North America have at times been labeled as at-risk for violence, with two notable examples being gang violence and ideologically motivated violence, or violent radicalization.…
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Maternal perceptions and concerns about children’s weight status and diet quality: a study among Black immigrant families

July 1, 2022

Objective: To identify factors influencing Black immigrant mothers' perceptions and concerns about child weight and to compare children's diet quality according to these perceptions and concerns. Design: Mothers' perceptions and concerns about child weight were assessed with sex-specific figure rating scales and the Child Feeding Questionnaire, respectively. Participants' weights and heights were measured and characterised…
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De-problematizing masculinity among heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black male youth and men

July 1, 2022

Objectives: The dominant discourse in literature often constructs heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) masculinity as inherently problematic and in need of "correction, repair, or rescue." This discourse privileges hegemonic male standards and conceals the power relations that shape racialized masculinities. Our study of self-identified heterosexual ACB men and male youth examines how performative and…
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Clinical features at diagnosis of sickle cell disease prior to universal newborn screening in Alberta.

June 16, 2022

Objectives: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited multisystem disorder with complications starting in the first year of life. Newborn screening (NBS) can identify infants with SCD and is associated with decreased morbidity and mortality. Variation in availability of NBS in Canada, and lack of standardized screening for immigrant children, may lead to delayed diagnosis.…
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Perceived Racial Discrimination, Internalized Racism, Social Support, and Self-Esteem Among Black Individuals in Canada: A Moderated Mediation Model

April 14, 2022

Objectives: Black Canadians report experiencing various forms of racial discrimination disproportionately.This study aimed to: (a) examine the association between everyday racial discrimination and self-esteem;(b) test the mediating role of internalized racism and social support in the association between racial discrimination and self-esteem, and (c) test the moderating role of gender and age in this same…
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