Black Health

Risk Factors for Tuberculosis After Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in the United States and Canada: Implications for Tuberculosis Screening

April 12, 2011

Background: Screening for tuberculosis prior to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation is not routinely performed in low-incidence settings. Identifying factors associated with developing tuberculosis after HAART initiation could focus screening efforts. Methods: Sixteen cohorts in the United States and Canada contributed data on persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who initiated HAART December…
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Racial identity, racial context, and ingroup status: Implications for attributions to discrimination among Black Canadians

July 1, 2010

Using Self-Categorization Theory as a conceptual framework for understanding attributions to discrimination, the primary aim of this study was to move beyond focusing on the degree to which racial minorities define themselves in terms of their race (i.e., racial centrality). Specifically, the authors examined how multiple dimensions of Black racial identity affected attributions to racial…
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HIV vulnerability and sexual risk among African youth in Windsor, Canada

July 1, 2010

This paper reports on an exploratory study of the sexual behaviour of young Africans living in Windsor, Canada. Twenty-five face-to-face interviews were conducted with thirteen men and twelve women aged 18 to 25 years. Data analysis enabled the identification of four main themes: awareness and concerns about STIs/HIV; partner’s influence on negotiating sex or discussing…
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Patient age, ethnicity, medical history, and risk factor profile, but not drug insurance coverage, predict successful attainment of glycemic targets: Time 2 Do More Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (T2DM QUERI).

July 1, 2010

Objective — To identify factors in patients with type 2 diabetes and A1C 7.0% associated with attainment of A1C 7.0%. Research Design and Methods — We used a prospective registry of 5,280 Canadian patients in primary care settings enrolled in a 12-month glycemic pharmacotherapy optimization strategy based on national guidelines. Results — At close out,…
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Racial bullying and victimization in Canadian school-aged children: Individual and school level effects

July 1, 2010

Numerous individual factors, including race, have been identified to date that may place children at risk for bullying involvement. The importance of the school’s environment on bullying behaviours has also been highlighted, as the majority of bullying occurs at school. The variables associated with racial bullying and victimization, however, have rarely been specifically examined. The…
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Meanings of Home and Mental Well-Being among Sudanese Refugees in Canada

July 1, 2010

Objectives: This article examines family and social factors that affect refugee mental health during resettlement by presenting qualitative analysis of the concept of home and its functional and psychological meanings based on findings from research with Sudanese refugees in Canada. Design: Data were collected in two successive multi-method, community-based studies between 2003 and 2007 with…
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Cancer Care Experiences and the Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine at End of Life in Nova Scotia’s Black Communities

July 1, 2010

Purpose : This qualitative study examines the meanings that African Canadians living in Nova Scotia, Canada, ascribe to their experiences with cancer, family caregiving, and their use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) at end of life. Design: Case study methodology using in-depth interviews were used to examine the experiences of caregivers of decedents who…
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Comparison of cardiovascular risk profiles among ethnic groups using population health surveys between 1996 and 2007

May 18, 2010

Background: Although people of South Asian, Chinese and black ethnic backgrounds represent about 60% of the world's population, most knowledge of cardiovascular risk is derived from studies conducted in white populations. We conducted a large, population-based comparison of cardiovascular risk among people of white, South Asian, Chinese and black ethnicity living in Ontario, Canada. Methods:…
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Age- and sex-related prevalence of diabetes mellitus among immigrants to Ontario, Canada

May 18, 2010

Background: The majority of immigrants to Canada originate from the developing world, where the most rapid increase in prevalence of diabetes mellitus is occurring. We undertook a population-based study involving immigrants to Ontario, Canada, to evaluate the distribution of risk for diabetes in this population. Methods: We used linked administrative health and immigration records to…
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Findings on dietary patterns in different groups of African origin undergoing nutrition transition.

April 7, 2010

In population groups undergoing nutrition transition, it is important to identify healthy and culturally relevant dietary patterns that can be promoted as a means of preventing diet-related chronic diseases. Dietary pattern analyses using data-driven methods are useful for the purpose. The central question addressed in this overview paper is whether there are culture-specific healthy eating…
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