Background: Hemoglobinopathies are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Accurate epidemiologic data reflecting the number of hemoglobinopathy patients are lacking in Canada. Immigration patterns are shifting such that regions where these diseases were rare are seeing a rapid population expansion, revealing a gap in the health care system and the need for a public health…
Objectives: To determine ethnic-specific temporal trends in cardiovascular risk factors in Ontario between 2001 and 2012. Design: A population-based repeated cross-sectional study. Setting: Ontario, Canada. Participants: 219 276 participants of the Canadian Community Health Survey (205 326 white, 5620 South Asian, 4368 Chinese and 3962 black) during the period 2001 to 2012. Main outcome measures:…
Little is known about Black–White health inequalities in Canada or the applicability of competing explanations for them. To address this gap, we used nine cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey to analyze multiple health outcomes in a sample of 3,127 Black women, 309,720 White women, 2,529 Black men and 250,511 White men. Adjusting for…
Objectives: Community fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) screening programs are important for detecting early disease and can be effective when promoted by primary care physicians. Screening rates remain low across Canada and may be associated with sociodemographic factors. Design and methods: Fecal immunochemical testing results for a new community-based screening program were obtained from Calgary Laboratory…
Objectives: There are conflicting recommendations regarding the use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a screening test. Integral to this debate is an understanding of who is currently being tested. The purpose of this study was to provide a detailed account of PSA testing practices in a major Canadian city (Calgary, Alberta) and to identify…
Background: HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) share transmission routes, and coinfection is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. To date, no Canadian studies have examined HIV-HBV coinfection. Objectives: To examine the prevalence and correlates of HIV and HBV coinfections in Northern Alberta. Methods: The present study was a retrospective database review of all HIV-infected…
Research indicates that subjective perceptions of socioeconomic status (SES) affect aspects of health and behavior. There has been little research attention to how objective (e.g., education) and subjective aspects of SES may differ in their influence on the substance use of adolescent immigrants. The present study examined whether the associations between subjective SES and substance…
Objective : Define the burden of HIV-TB co-infection and predictors of HIV screening among incident TB cases. Methods : Analysis of surveillance data on TB incident cases reported to Montreal’s Public Health Department from 2004 to 2009. Among all reported TB cases, proportions of cases with HIV testing and HIV infection were calculated by patient…
Mothers in HIV-endemic countries are advised to exclusively breastfeed their babies until six months because of lack of resources and better chances for child survival, while in developed countries, replacement feeding is advised. What are the experiences of HIV-positive women who migrate from HIV-endemic countries to developed countries, when making infant feeding choices? Methods: In-depth…
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