Ontario

Many households but never a home: stories of resistance from Black youth navigating placement instability in Ontario’s child welfare system

July 1, 2023

The child welfare system has a responsibility for maintaining young people's safety and permanency when they are taken from their guardians. Many young people living in out-of-home care (OOHC) experience placement instability, which can negatively impact their development. The overrepresentation of Black families in the child welfare system has also been a longstanding issue across…
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Pathways From HIV-Related Stigma, Racial Discrimination, and Gender Discrimination to HIV Treatment Outcomes Among Women Living With HIV in Canada: Longitudinal Cohort Findings.

July 1, 2023

Background: HIV-related stigma, gender discrimination, and racial discrimination harm mental health and hamper HIV treatment access for women living with HIV. Maladaptive coping strategies, such as substance use, can further worsen HIV treatment outcomes, whereas resilience can improve HIV outcomes. We examined resilience and depression as mediators of the relationship between multiple stigmas and HIV…
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Reasons for admission to service and overrepresentation of Black youth in the child welfare system in Ontario, Canada: Does race matter?

July 1, 2023

Background: In studies exploring racial disparities in the Canadian child welfare systems, evidence is still lacking on the reasons for admission of children to service. Objective: This study investigates the reasons for admission to service in Ontario child welfare based on racial identities. Methods: We analyzed three-time points (2018, 2019, and 2020) of the Ontario…
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The absence of language: A critical race discourse analysis of Ontario’s child welfare legislation and the impacts on Black families

July 1, 2023

Background: The research pertaining to racial disparities for Black families in child welfare is relatively limited in Canada. Recent research reveals that the overrepresentation of Black families in Canadian child welfare systems typically begins at the reporting or investigation stage and continues throughout the child welfare service and decision-making continuum. This research is occurring against…
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The seven reasons why black children are overrepresented in the child welfare system in ontario (canada): A qualitative study from the perspectives of caseworkers and community facilitators.

July 1, 2023

The perspective of key players such as caseworkers and community facilitators on the reasons for the overrepresentation of Black youth in child welfare is little known. This study explores the reasons why Black youth are overrepresented in child welfare in Ontario (Canada) through the perspectives of caseworkers and community facilitators. We analyzed four focus groups:…
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Identity and COVID-19 in Canada: Gender, ethnicity, and minority status.

May 24, 2023

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, growing evidence from the United States, the United Kingdom, and China has demonstrated the unequal social and economic burden of this health crisis. Yet, in Canada, studies assessing the socioeconomic and demographic determinants of COVID-19, and how these determinants vary by gender and ethnic minority status, remain scarce. As new…
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Are at-risk sociodemographic attributes stable across COVID-19 transmission waves?.

April 8, 2023

COVID-19 health impacts and risks have been disproportionate across social, economic, and racial gradients (Chen et al., 2021; Thompson et al., 2021; Mamuji et al., 2021; COVID-19 and Ethnicity, 2020). By examining the first five waves of the pandemic in Ontario, we identify if Forward Sortation Area (FSAs)based measures of sociodemographic status and their relationship…
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Addressing HIV Misconceptions among Heterosexual Black Men and Communities in Ontario

March 29, 2023

Background: Black males accounted for 19.7% of all the new HIV diagnoses in Canada in 2020, yet Black people make up only 4.26% of the population. Persistent misconceptions about modes of HIV transmission need to be addressed to reduce the relatively high HIV prevalence among Black men. We described the HIV misconceptions held by some…
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Differences in clinical presentation at first hospitalization and the impact on involuntary admissions among first-generation migrant groups with non-affective psychotic disorders.

March 16, 2023

Background: Some migrant and ethnic minority groups have a higher risk of coercive pathways to care; however, it is unclear whether differences in clinical presentation contribute to this risk. We sought to assess: (i) whether there were differences in clinician-rated symptoms and behaviours across first-generation immigrant and refugee groups at the first psychiatric hospitalization after…
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Exploring Canadian perceptions and experiences of stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic

March 7, 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to stigmatization of individuals based on race/ethnicity, age, gender, and occupation, among other factors. We canvassed Canadian residents to explore perceptions of and experiences with stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted an online survey between June 10 and December 31 2020. The survey was rooted in the…
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