Ontario

Practices, support and stigma related to infant feeding and postpartum engagement in care among women living with HIV in Canada

July 1, 2023

Background: Breastfeeding is not recommended for women living with HIV (WLWH) in Canada. We described the prevalence of breastfeeding and explored experiences of care, support, and stigma related to infant feeding. Setting: Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia (Canada). Methods: Data were obtained from the HIV Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study (CHIWOS) surveys, conducted…
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Racism as a vehicle for the overrepresentation of Black youth in child protection services in Ontario, Canada: Caseworkers’ and community facilitators’ perspectives

July 1, 2023

Background: Recent studies have confirmed the overrepresentation of Black youth in child protection services (CPS) in Ontario, Canada. Anti-Black racism has been raised as an issue contributing to the overrepresentation. Based on Critical Race Theory (CRT) and the social-ecological model, this article examines how different levels of racism influence the overrepresentation of Black youth in…
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Concordance of Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Made by Pediatricians vs a Multidisciplinary Specialist Team

July 1, 2023

Importance: Wait times for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis are lengthy because of inadequate supply of specialist teams. General pediatricians may be able to diagnose some cases of ASD, thereby reducing wait times. Objective: To determine the accuracy of ASD diagnostic assessments conducted by general pediatricians compared with a multidisciplinary team (MDT). Design, Setting, and…
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Many households but never a home: stories of resistance from Black youth navigating placement instability in Ontario’s child welfare system

July 1, 2023

The child welfare system has a responsibility for maintaining young people's safety and permanency when they are taken from their guardians. Many young people living in out-of-home care (OOHC) experience placement instability, which can negatively impact their development. The overrepresentation of Black families in the child welfare system has also been a longstanding issue across…
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Black heterosexual men’s resilience in times of HIV adversity: findings from the “weSpeak” study

July 1, 2023

Background: In Canada, heterosexual African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) men tend to suffer a disproportionate burden of HIV. Consequently, studies have examined the underlying contributors to this disparity through the nexus of behavioral and structural factors. While findings from these studies have been helpful, their use of deficit and risk models only furthers our knowledge…
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Reasons for admission to service and overrepresentation of Black youth in the child welfare system in Ontario, Canada: Does race matter?

July 1, 2023

Background: In studies exploring racial disparities in the Canadian child welfare systems, evidence is still lacking on the reasons for admission of children to service. Objective: This study investigates the reasons for admission to service in Ontario child welfare based on racial identities. Methods: We analyzed three-time points (2018, 2019, and 2020) of the Ontario…
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The association between immigration status and the development of type 2 diabetes in women with a prior diagnosis of gestational diabetes: A population-based study.

July 1, 2023

Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the influence of immigration status and region of origin on the risk of type 2 diabetes in women with prior gestational diabetes (GDM). Methods: This retrospective population-based cohort study included women with gestational diabetes (GDM) aged 16 to 50 years in Ontario, Canada, who gave birth…
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The absence of language: A critical race discourse analysis of Ontario’s child welfare legislation and the impacts on Black families

July 1, 2023

Background: The research pertaining to racial disparities for Black families in child welfare is relatively limited in Canada. Recent research reveals that the overrepresentation of Black families in Canadian child welfare systems typically begins at the reporting or investigation stage and continues throughout the child welfare service and decision-making continuum. This research is occurring against…
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Identity and COVID-19 in Canada: Gender, ethnicity, and minority status.

May 24, 2023

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, growing evidence from the United States, the United Kingdom, and China has demonstrated the unequal social and economic burden of this health crisis. Yet, in Canada, studies assessing the socioeconomic and demographic determinants of COVID-19, and how these determinants vary by gender and ethnic minority status, remain scarce. As new…
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Are at-risk sociodemographic attributes stable across COVID-19 transmission waves?.

April 8, 2023

COVID-19 health impacts and risks have been disproportionate across social, economic, and racial gradients (Chen et al., 2021; Thompson et al., 2021; Mamuji et al., 2021; COVID-19 and Ethnicity, 2020). By examining the first five waves of the pandemic in Ontario, we identify if Forward Sortation Area (FSAs)based measures of sociodemographic status and their relationship…
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