Canada

Impact of the 2021 CKD-EPI eGFR Equation on Kidney Care Referral Criteria in Ontario, Canada: A Population-based Cross-sectional Study.

December 4, 2023

Background: In some jurisdictions, individuals become eligible or recommended for referral for different types of kidney care using criteria based on their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Historically, GFR was estimated with an equation developed in 2009, which included a Black race term. An updated, race-free equation was developed in 2021. It is unclear how…
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COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates and Vaccine Hesitancy among Black People in Canada

November 28, 2023

Objectives: COVID-19 vaccine mandates increased vaccination rates globally. Implemented as a one-size-fits-all policy, these mandates have unintended harmful consequences for many, including Black Canadians. This article reports findings on the interconnectedness of vaccine mandates and vaccine hesitancy by describing a range of responses to mandatory COVID-19 vaccination policies among Black people in Canada. Methods: Using…
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Looking at Diabetes Through Different Lenses: Focus Groups Conducted With Somali Canadian Families and Their Health-care Providers

November 25, 2023

Objectives : In Toronto, many families with Somali backgrounds have children living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). At our clinic, children with African and Caribbean backgrounds have higher glycated hemoglobin than children from European backgrounds. In this study, we explored the experiences and perspectives of Somali Canadian families with children living with T1D, as well…
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COVID ‑ 19 vaccine uptake among people with HIV: identifying characteristics associated with vaccine hesitancy

November 23, 2023

People with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk of COVID-19 infection. Both Canadian (NACI) and US (CDC) guidelines recommend that all PWH receive at least 2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine, and a booster. We examined vaccination uptake among PWH in Southern Alberta, Canada. Among adult PWH, we evaluated COVID-19 vaccination uptake between December 2020 and…
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Mental Health of Immigrant Children and Adolescents (6–17 Years) in Canada: Evidence from the Canadian Health Measures Survey

October 30, 2023

Background: Studies indicate a higher prevalence of mental health problems among immigrants, but findings on immigrant children and adolescents are mixed. We sought to understand the magnitude of differences in mental health indicators between immigrant and non-immigrant children and adolescents in Canada and the influence of age, sex, household income, and household education. Methods: We…
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Opioid toxicity deaths in Black persons who experienced provincial incarceration in Ontario, Canada 2015–2020: A population-based study

October 17, 2023

Objective: In the context of mass incarceration and the opioid toxicity crisis in North America, there is a lack of data on the burden of opioid toxicity deaths in Black persons who experience incarceration. We aimed to describe absolute and relative opioid toxicity mortality for Black persons who experienced incarceration in Ontario, Canada between 2015…
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The state of COVID-19 vaccine confidence and need in Black individuals in Canada: Understanding the role of sociodemographic factors, health literacy, conspiracy theories, traumatic stressors and racial discrimination

October 17, 2023

Background: Black communities in Canada have been among the most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, in terms of number of infections and deaths. They are also among those most hesitant about vaccination against COVID-19. However, while a few studies have documented the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, those related to vaccine confidence remain unknown.…
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Why are African immigrants in Montreal reluctant to use mental health services?: a systematic inventory of reasons.

October 7, 2023

Purpose: Previous research has shown that non-Caucasian immigrants in Western countries are less likely than native-born people to use mental health services. This study examined the reasons underlying reluctance to use mental health services among African immigrants in Montreal, Canada. Methods: The study participants were 280 African immigrants who had experienced symptoms suggesting depression but…
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Multi ‑ level strategies to improve equitable timely person ‑ centred osteoarthritis care for diverse women: qualitative interviews with women and healthcare professionals

September 29, 2023

Background: Women are more likely to develop osteoarthritis (OA), and have greater OA pain and disability compared with men, but are less likely to receive guideline-recommended management, particularly racialized women.OA care of diverse women, and strategies to improve the quality of their OA care is understudied. The purpose of this study was to explore strategies…
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Elder abuse prevalence and risk factors: findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

September 23, 2023

Elder abuse (EA) is a pervasive problem with serious consequences. Prior population-based EA risk factor research has largely used cross-sectional designs that limit causal inferences, or agency records to identify victims which threatens external validity. Based on a national, prospective, population-based cohort sample of older adults (n = 23,468) over a three-year period from the…
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