Journal Article

Varying circumstances surrounding opioid toxicity deaths across ethno-racial groups in Ontario, Canada: a population-based descriptive cross-sectional study.

February 23, 2024

Introduction: The North American toxic drug crisis has been framed as an epidemic primarily affecting white people. However, evidence suggests that deaths are rising among racialised people. Accordingly, we sought to describe and compare characteristics and circumstances of opioid toxicity deaths across ethnoracial groups. Methods: We conducted a population-based, descriptive cross-sectional study of all individuals…
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Inequities in dietary intake and eating behaviours among adolescents in Canada.

February 21, 2024

Objective: To provide contemporary evidence of how dietary intake and eating behaviours vary by social positions among adolescents. Methods: We used survey data collected during the 2020–2021 school year from 52,138 students attending 133 secondary schools in Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec, Canada. Multiple regression models tested whether self-reported indicators of dietary intake and…
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Decision Support Tool to Improve Decision-Making for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Development Process and Alpha Testing.

February 13, 2024

Background: Black communities in Canada are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. There is currently no patient decision support intervention for Black patients being asked to consider PrEP for HIV prevention, especially in the context of previous studies indicating that most of these patients do have decisional conflict regarding PrEP. Objective: The aim of this…
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COVID-19 vaccine uptake, conspiracy theories, and health literacy among Black individuals in Canada: Racial discrimination, confidence in health, and COVID-19 stress as mediators.

February 13, 2024

Factors influencing vaccine uptake in Black individuals remain insufficiently documented. Understanding the role of COVID-19 related stress, conspiracy theories, health literacy, racial discrimination experiences, and confidence in health authorities can inform programs to increase vaccination coverage. We sought to analyze these factors and vaccine uptake among Black individuals in Canada. A representative sample of 2002…
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Black Youth Mentorship: Project Artemo and Opportunities for Proactive Cross-Sector Mental Wellness Support

January 23, 2024

In this qualitative study, researchers interviewed 10 participants (five mentees and five mentors) of the 2020–2021 Artemo Black Youth Mentorship program session. The Artemo program takes place with Black youth across Alberta, with a focus in Edmonton, Calgary, and Fort McMurray. The program focuses on providing supports for a mental health preventative approach, employment/educational supports,…
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Disproportionate Rates of COVID-19 Among Black Canadian Communities: Lessons from a Cross-Sectional Study in the First Year of the Pandemic.

January 22, 2024

Background: Racialized communities, including Black Canadians, have disproportionately higher COVID-19 cases. We examined the extent to which SARS-CoV-2 infection has affected the Black Canadian community and the factors associated with the infection. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in an area of Ontario (northwest Toronto/Peel Region) with a high proportion of Black residents along with…
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Safety of BEN guidelines in clozapine treatment: A Canadian perspective

January 22, 2024

Objective: Unidentified benign ethnic neutropenia (BEN) has been recognized as a factor contributing to clozapine underutilization and discontinuation. Guidelines were implemented to accommodate BEN in Canada, and our main objective was to evaluate clozapine’s safety in a sample of Canadian psychiatric patients with BEN. Method: A retrospective chart review was conducted at the Centre for…
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Understanding intersectional inequality in access to primary care providers using multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy.

January 19, 2024

Background: Despite the Canadian healthcare system’s commitment to equity, evidence for disparate access to primary care (PC) providers exists across individual social identities/positions. Intersectionality allows us to reflect the realities of how social power shapes healthcare experiences at an individual’s interdependent and intersecting social identities/positions. The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the…
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Predicting time to serologic diagnosis of AQP4+NMOSD based on clinical factors and social determinants of health

December 27, 2023

Background: Early serologic diagnosis and initiation of targeted therapy are associated with better outcomes in aquaporin-4 IgG positive (AQP4+) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Objective: To determine predictors of time to serologic diagnosis of AQP4+NMOSD. Methods: In CANOPTICS, a multi-centre, Canadian cohort study of NMOSD, we retrospectively evaluated time from the first clinical attack to…
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“It’s like We’re Still in Slavery”: Stress as Distress and Discourse among Jamaican Farm Workers in Ontario, Canada

December 25, 2023

For more than fifty years, Jamaican farm workers have been seasonally employed in Canada under the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP). In Canada, these workers live and work in conditions that make them vulnerable to various health issues, including poor mental health. This ethnographic study investigated Jamaican SAWP workers’ mental health experiences in Southern Ontario.…
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