Children

  • Differences in Early Childhood Maltreatment by Maternal Birthplace and Child Sex

    Objective: To identify patterns of health system-identified early childhood maltreatment by maternal birthplace and child sex, within a multicultural society with universal access to healthcare. Study design: This retrospective population-based cohort study included 1240946 children born in Ontario, Canada, between 2002 and 2012, and followed from birth to age 5 years using administrative data. Modified…

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  • Prevalence and Correlates of Forced Sex as a Self-Reported Mode of HIV Acquisition Among a Cohort of Women Living With HIV in Canada.

    Gender-based violence (GBV) is a global epidemic associated with increased HIV exposure. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of HIV acquisition via forced sex among women living with HIV (WLWH) in Canada. Baseline questionnaire data were analyzed for WLWH (≥16 years) with data on selfreported mode of HIV acquisition, enrolled in a community-based cohort study…

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  • Influence of ethnicity on biochemical markers of health and disease in the CALIPER cohort of healthy children and adolescents

    Background: Accurate pediatric reference intervals (RIs) for laboratory tests determined in a healthy pediatric population are essential for correct laboratory test interpretation and clinical decision-making. In pediatrics, RIs require partitioning by age and/or sex; however, the need for partitioning based on ethnicity is unclear. Here, we assessed the influence of ethnicity on biomarker concentrations in…

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  • Left-Behind Women in the Context of International Migration: A Scoping Review

    Introduction: Despite the research on left-behind children, less is known about left-behind women across transnational spaces. The purpose of this scoping review was to assess the extent, range, and nature of the existing body of literature on left-behind women whose partners have migrated across borders. Method: This scoping review was guided by the five-step approach…

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  • Parent–Child Relationships Among African Immigrant Families in Canada

    Objective: To examine the factors that influence parent–child relationships in African immigrant families in Alberta, Canada. Background: African immigrants are increasingly migrating to high-income countries, including Canada, in search of a better life. These immigrants often face several challenges, including parenting their children in new sociocultural contexts. We present findings from a critical ethnographic study…

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  • Access to Healthcare for Immigrant Children in Canada

    Immigrants experience poorer health outcomes than nonimmigrants in Canada for several reasons. A central contributing factor to poor health outcomes for immigrants is access to healthcare. Previous research on access to healthcare for immigrants has largely focused on the experience of immigrant adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate how immigrants access health…

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  • Immigrant Mothers’ Perspectives of Barriers and Facilitators in Accessing Mental Health Care for Their Children

    Introduction: Data on immigrant and refugees’ access to services in Canada typically focus on adult populations generally but not children specifically. To fill this gap, this study explored immigrant and refugee mothers’ perceptions of barriers and facilitators for mental health care for their children in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Method: In this qualitative descriptive study, researchers…

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  • Parenting challenges of African immigrants in Alberta, Canada

    African immigrant children and youth have some of the poorest social and mental health outcomes in Canada. Although parenting challenges have been widely documented as a key driver of these outcomes, limited systematic research has investigated this phenomenon. In this paper, we report the results of a study examining parenting challenges among a sample of…

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  • Promoting the health of children and young people who migrate: reflections from four regional reviews

    Calls to enhance the health of migrant population sub-groups are strengthening, with increasing evidence documenting the relationship between migration and health outcomes. Despite the importance of migration to global health promotion, little research has focused on the health experiences of young migrants. As part of a Worldwide University Network project, we completed four systematic reviews…

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