Child

Biomarkers of Growth Faltering and Neurodevelopmental Delay in Children who are HIV-Exposed but Uninfected: A Systematic Review

May 1, 2023

Introduction: Children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected (CHEU) are at risk of linear growth faltering and neurodevelopmental delay. Circulating biomarkers associated with these adverse outcomes may elucidate pathways of injury. Objective: To identify biomarkers associated with growth faltering and neurodevelopmental delay in CHEU. Methods: We performed a systematic review of electronic databases MEDLINE (1946-April 2021),…
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Vitamin D Status of People 3 to 79 Years of Age from the Canadian Health Measures Survey 2012–2019

February 26, 2023

Background: Vitamin D is recognized in bone health and the prevention of rickets and osteomalacia.Objective: This study aimed to assess vitamin D status of people in Canada and to identify factors associated with vitamin D inadequacy and deficiency. Methods: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (cycles 3–6, n ¼ 21,770, 3–79…
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CMAJ’s new guidance on the reporting of race and ethnicity in research articles Nouveau guide du JAMC sur la déclaration de la race et de l’ethnie dans les articles de recherche

February 13, 2023

Health equity cannot be achieved without equitable evidence, but equitable evidence does not exist across racial and ethnic groups. For example, in more than 20 000 clinical trials conducted in the United States between 2000 and 2020, fewer than half compared study outcomes among different racial and ethnic groups, and recruitment within them was poorly…
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The forms and adverse effects of insecurities among internally displaced children in Ethiopia

January 30, 2023

Background: Ethiopia has seen an increase in the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) due to conflict and violence related to border-based disputes and climate change. This study examines the insecurities experienced by IDPs in the Burayu camp and how they navigate and challenge them. Violence and insecurity have daunted Ethiopian regions for decades, violated…
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Sociocultural Factors Affecting Breastfeeding Practices of Mothers During Natural Disasters: A Critical Ethnography in Rural Pakistan

January 25, 2023

Natural disasters affect the health and well-being of mothers with young children. During natural disasters, this population is at risk of discontinuation of their breastfeeding practices. Pakistan is a middle-income country that is susceptible to natural disasters. This study intended to examine sociocultural factors that shape the breastfeeding experiences and practices of internally displaced mothers…
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The prevalence and predictors of household food insecurity among adolescents in Canada.

January 23, 2023

Objectives: Household food insecurity is almost four times more prevalent among adolescents than among older adults in Canada, and it adversely affects their health. Our objective was to describe the sociodemographic and geographic patterning of household food insecurity among adolescents. Methods: Our analytic sample comprised all 12–17-year-old respondents to the 2017–2018 Canadian Community Health Survey…
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease Among Canadian Children: Comparison Between Children of Non-European Descent and Children of European Descent

December 23, 2022

Background : Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) phenotypes may differ between countries and ancestral groups. The study aim was to examine ancestry and subtype variations of children newly diagnosed with IBD. Methods: Children newly diagnosed with IBD enrolled into the Canadian Children Inflammatory Bowel Disease Network inception cohort study were categorized into 8 ancestral groups. Prospectively…
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Social Disparities in Mental Health Service Use Among Children and Youth in Ontario: Evidence From a General, Population-Based Survey.

December 12, 2022

Objectives: To examine differences in mental health-related service contacts between immigrant, refugee, racial and ethnic minoritized children and youth, and the extent to which social, and economic characteristics account for group differences. Methods: The sample for analyses includes 10,441 children and youth aged 4–17 years participating in the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study. The primary…
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Immigrant Parents’ Perceived Social Support and Their Children’s Oral Health Behaviors and Caries Experience

July 6, 2022

This study examined the associations between immigrant parents’ perceived social support (PSS) and their children’s oral health behaviors (OHB) and caries experience. We recruited immigrant parents and children aged 2–12 years. Data were collected on the sociodemographic and OHB information of the children. The parents’ total PSS score and its dimensions were measured using the…
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Aspirations, schooling experiences, and educational outcomes of African migrant children in Canada

July 1, 2022

Although Africa is the second highest source region of immigrants to Canada, very little research has been conducted on the postmigration experiences of African immigrant children. This paper explores the schooling experiences of African migrant children and their families in Alberta, Canada. We center the voices of African migrant children and their parents and illustrate…
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