Child

Racism in Education among Black Youth in Canada and its Association with Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

March 17, 2025

Racial discrimination in educational settings remains a significant barrier to equitable learning environments and is toxic for the mental health of Black youth in Canada. This study employed a mixed-methods multi-study approach to document the rates, dynamics, and mental health impacts of racial discrimination in education experienced by Black youths aged 14 to 24. Quantitative…
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Building Black community accountability in child welfare: Provincial contexts and Black service provider experiences across three jurisdictions

January 29, 2025

The disproportionate representation of Black children in Canadian child welfare systems has spurred significant scrutiny and calls for reform. This study examines the crucial role of Black service providers in Ontario, Quebec, and Alberta in fostering Black community accountability within child welfare. Through focus groups tailored to each jurisdiction, Black service providers working in and…
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“Keep it moving”: The Traumatic Impact of Gun Violence in the Lives of Young Black Men

November 12, 2024

This study considers the experiences of young Black men who have been impacted by traumatic gun violence either directly through being shot or by witnessing gun violence. This study was completed to increase knowledge and awareness on the traumatic impacts of gun violence in the lives of young Black men, with the long-term purpose to…
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Transition to adult healthcare for immigrant youth: Practice recommendations

November 5, 2024

Introduction: The transition from pediatric to adult healthcare is challenging for adolescents and young adults (AYA) with pediatric-onset chronic health conditions. Although barriers faced by AYA during transition are well-documented, previous studies have not considered how migration and settlement impact patient and family experiences. Objectives: To fill this gap, we conducted a qualitative descriptive study…
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Scoping review on mental health standards for Black youth: identifying gaps and promoting equity in community, primary care, and educational settings

September 9, 2024

Background Youth mental health is a growing concern in research, practice, and policy. Practice standards, guidelines, or strategies provide an invisible infrastructure that fosters equity, quality, and safety, potentially addressing inconsistencies and more effectively attending to the mental wellness of Black youth as a particular population of concern. This scoping review aimed to address the…
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Pediatric Morbidity Among Black Haitians in Canada: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

August 21, 2024

Background: In the U.S., Black children have disproportionately elevated rates of pediatric morbidity compared with White children, but data are lacking for other countries. We studied the extent to which Black Haitians were at risk of pediatric morbidity in Canada. Methods: We analyzed a retrospective cohort of 736,498 children born in Quebec between 2008 and…
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Quantitative analysis of facial shape in children to support respirator design

August 19, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the need for respiratory protection against airborne pathogens. Respirator options for children are limited, and existing designs do not consider differences in facial shape or size. We created a dataset of children’s facial images from three cohorts, then used geometric morphometric analyses of dense and sparse facial landmark representations to quantify…
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Impact of climate change on maternal health outcomes: An evidence gap map review

August 19, 2024

Climate change poses unique challenges to maternal well-being and increases complications during pregnancy and childbirth globally. This evidence gap map (EGM) aims to identify gaps in existing knowledge and areas where further research related to climate change and its impact on maternal health is required. The following databases were searched individually from inception to present:…
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A critical examination of youth service trajectories: Black children’s transition from child welfare to youth justice.

July 1, 2024

In Canada, and more specifically Quebec, little research exists regarding Black children’s exits from the child welfare system (CWS) and subsequent involvement under the youth criminal justice system. This study uses longitudinal clinical administrative data to examine racial differences in youth justice involvement among maltreated youth and adolescents. Our sample cohort is based on the…
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The distribution of hunger in Canadian youth.

July 1, 2024

Introduction: As a foundation for prevention, evidence is required to establish the contemporary distribution of hunger in Canadian adolescents. We present findings from a nationally representative survey of young Canadians on how perceived hunger is distributed demographically, socially and contextually. Methods: A probability-based sample of 15 656 young Canadians aged 11 to 15 years who…
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