African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) men living in Canada share a heightened risk of HIV infection and the associated risk factors such as suboptimal use of family planning services such as condom use. In this study, we assessed the factors associated with knowledge, attitude, and condom use among ACB men in Ontario. Methods: (is was…
While pregnancy and motherhood have become paramount clinical issues for women living with HIV, parenting has received less attention among men living with HIV (MLWH). We conducted a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study assessing fertility desires and intentions of MLWH using a 5-point Likert scale based on the question: “Being a father is important…
Heterosexual exposure is the second highest means of HIV transmission; and African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) men face greater risks. Black men can reduce the disproportionately high HIV prevalence in their communities by changing their socially misconstrued masculine role. We analysed factors predisposing heterosexual ACB men to risky sexual behaviour, particularly multiple casual sex partnerships…
Although age at first sex is considered a measure of sexual risk and vulnerability for HIV infection, there is a dearth of literature on age at sexual debut in the Canadian context. This study examined time variations to first sex among heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) men in four Ontarian cities. A population-based retrospective…
Background: Manitoba is a central Canadian province with annual rates of new HIV infections consistently higher than the Canadian average. National surveillance statistics and data from the provincial HIV care program suggest that epidemiological heterogeneity exists across Manitoba. New HIV cases are disproportionately reported among females, Indigenous-identifying individuals, and those with a history of injection…
Objective: To examine social, economic, and migratory influences on the health of racial and ethnic minority groups in Canada, with a special focus on Caribbean immigrants. Methods: Combined annual cycles (2011–2016) of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) data totaling over 300,000 adult Canadian residents were aggregated. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models were…
Purpose: Black physicians’ and trainees experiences of racism are not well documented in Canada, reflecting a knowledge gap needing correction to combat racism in Canadian health care. The authors undertook a descriptive study of Black physicians and trainees in the Canadian province of Ontario. The goal of this study was to report upon racism experienced…
Objective: To identify patterns of health system-identified early childhood maltreatment by maternal birthplace and child sex, within a multicultural society with universal access to healthcare. Study design: This retrospective population-based cohort study included 1240946 children born in Ontario, Canada, between 2002 and 2012, and followed from birth to age 5 years using administrative data. Modified…
Background: Our objective was to quantify the extent of anal cancer screening among men receiving HIV specialty care in Ontario, Canada, and evaluate factors associated with screening. Setting: Cross-sectional questionnaire within a multisite clinical HIV cohort. Methods: A questionnaire assessing knowledge and experience with human papillomavirus–associated diseases and their prevention was administered in 2016–2017 to…
Gender-based violence (GBV) is a global epidemic associated with increased HIV exposure. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of HIV acquisition via forced sex among women living with HIV (WLWH) in Canada. Baseline questionnaire data were analyzed for WLWH (≥16 years) with data on selfreported mode of HIV acquisition, enrolled in a community-based cohort study…
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