Black

Examining sexual concurrency and number of partners among African, Caribbean, and Black women using the social ecological model: Results from the ACBY study.

July 1, 2019

HIV/AIDS disproportionately affects African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) communities in Canada. ACB women are overrepresented in new HIV infections compared with Canada’s general population. Sexual concurrent relationships and multiple sex partners are factors that may spread HIV and other sexually transmitted infections more rapidly among this group. The purpose of this study was to understand…
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The role of ethnicity in involuntary psychiatric admission in Toronto, Canada in clients presenting with psychosis

May 14, 2019

In the UK, clients from black and minority ethnic groups experience higher rates of involuntary admission. In Canada, despite increasing immigration and diversity, this issue has not been a research focus. This retrospective study examined whether odds of admission, specifically involuntary admission, in a sample of 765 clients presenting with psychosis from six different ethnic…
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Ethnicity and Immigration Status as Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Anemia and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Food Insecure Women Attending the Montreal Diet Dispensary Program

May 13, 2019

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to characterize the rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes in a multicultural group of low-income women. Methods: Data were extracted from the Montreal Diet Dispensary’s database between June 2013 and December 2015. Risk was evaluated using logistic regression adjusted for covariates. Results: Of the 1,387 pregnancies, the prevalence…
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Barriers to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among African, Caribbean and Black men in Toronto, Canada

March 29, 2019

Introduction: Single-tablet combination emtricitabine/tenofovir is highly effective as HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Scale-up efforts have targeted men who have sex with men (MSM), but patterns of racial disparities in PrEP use have begun to emerge. African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) communities in Canada and USA are also disproportionately affected by HIV, and there is lack…
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The epidemiology of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in African, Caribbean and Black men in Toronto, Canada

March 20, 2019

Background: African, Caribbean, and Black (Black) men account for 16.5% of new HIV diagnoses among men in Ontario. There is substantial evidence that sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with increased likelihood of HIV infection; however, little is known regarding the prevalence of HIV/STI co-infections among Black men in Toronto. Progress has been made in…
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Traumatic Experiences, Perceived Discrimination, and Psychological Distress Among Members of Various Socially Marginalized Groups

February 28, 2019

Perceived discrimination has consistently been shown to be associated with diminished mental health, but the psychological processes underlying this link are less well understood. The present series of four studies assessed the role of a history traumatic events in generating a proliferation of discrimination stressors and threat appraisals, which in turn predict psychological distress (depressive…
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Late diagnosis, delayed presentation and late presentation among persons enrolled in a clinical HIV cohort in Ontario, Canada (1999-2013)

September 14, 2018

Objectives: Timely HIV diagnosis and presentation to medical care are important for treatment and prevention. Our objective was to measure late diagnosis, delayed presentation and late presentation among individuals in the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study (OCS) who were newly diagnosed in Ontario. Methods: The OCS is a multi-site clinical cohort study of people…
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Organisational antecedents, policy and horizontal violence among nurses: An integrative review

August 31, 2018

Aim: To explore the organisational antecedents related to horizontal violence among nurses and the extent to which policy initiatives reduce its incidence. Background: Organisational re-engineering initiatives affect registered nurse roles,adding complexity to organisational antecedents related to horizontal violence and policy. No previous systematic review has examined the role of organisational poli-cies in reducing horizontal violence…
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Perceived Neighborhood Quality and HIV-related Stigma amongAfrican Diasporic Youth; Results from the African, Caribbean, and Black Youth (ACBY) Study

July 1, 2018

Socio-environmental factors such as neighborhood quality are increasingly recognized drivers of HIV disparities. Additionally, HIV- related stigma heightens HIV vulnerability among youth in the African Diaspora. However, little research examines the intersection of neighborhood quality and HIV- related stigma. This study uses survey data (N=495) from African, Caribbean, and Black youth in a midsized city…
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Substance use preferences and sexually transmitted infections among Canadian post-secondary students

July 1, 2018

Background: In Canada, substance use is one of the key predisposing factors that may lead to risky sexual behaviors among post-secondary students. There is considerable economic burden and significant public health concern posed by substance use and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of substance use preferences…
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