Black Health

Leaving no one behind? An equity analysis of the HIV care cascade among a cohort of people living with HIV in Manitoba, Canada

January 12, 2021

Background: Manitoba is a central Canadian province with annual rates of new HIV infections consistently higher than the Canadian average. National surveillance statistics and data from the provincial HIV care program suggest that epidemiological heterogeneity exists across Manitoba. New HIV cases are disproportionately reported among females, Indigenous-identifying individuals, and those with a history of injection…
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Untangling racism: Stress reactions in response to variations of racism against Black Canadians

January 11, 2021

The ability to effectively contend with racism is likely undermined by factors that promote uncertainty regarding racist motives. A national policy of multiculturalism exists in Canada, which is intended to encourage cultural diversity, but can also serve to mask systemic racism. This may contribute to uncertainty when racism is encountered, with implications for the appraisals,…
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Social and economic influences on disparities in the health of racial and ethnic group Canadian immigrants

January 8, 2021

Objective: To examine social, economic, and migratory influences on the health of racial and ethnic minority groups in Canada, with a special focus on Caribbean immigrants. Methods: Combined annual cycles (2011–2016) of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) data totaling over 300,000 adult Canadian residents were aggregated. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models were…
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An alpha-globin gene initiation codon mutation in a black family with HbH disease.

December 15, 2020

The molecular basis of hemoglobin H disease in a Black family of Canadian origin was investigated. Affected individuals had a combination of deletion and nondeletion a-thalassemia mutations on different chromosomes. Cloning and sequencing of the DNA of one member with the nondeletion form revealed a new thalassemia mutation, an A – G substitution. in the…
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“A Touch of Sugar”: A Qualitative Study of the Impact of Health Beliefs on Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Among Black Canadian Adults

December 8, 2020

Objectives: Black Canadians have higher rates of diabetes and complications compared with White Canadians. However, research on diabetes self-management in this community is lacking. We conducted a qualitative study to explore diabetes self-management in the Black Canadian community using the lens of the Health Belief Model. Methods: Forty-three individuals who identify as Black Canadians, living…
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The Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection in a Quaternary Hospital in Canada

November 3, 2020

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) prevalence in Canada has been estimated to be around 20% to 30%. However, H. pylori prevalence is declining in industrialized countries. We conducted a retrospective study on a population of patients referred for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in a Canadian quaternary hospital to see the current prevalence of H. pylori infection and…
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Racial disparities in child welfare in Ontario (Canada) and training on ethnocultural diversity: An innovative mixed-methods study

August 26, 2020

Background: Despite continuous reports showing the overrepresentation of Black children in the child welfare system in Ontario, Canada’s most populous and ethnically diverse province, knowledge in the factors contributing to this issue remain scarce. Objective: This study aimed to explore questions relating to caseworker’s training on ethnocultural diversity in connection with racial disparities and overrepresentation…
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Fracture prediction from FRAX for Canadian ethnic groups: a registry-based cohort study

August 18, 2020

Summary: We identified large between-ethnicity calibration differences in the Canadian FRAX® tool which substantially overestimated the major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) risk in Asian women and Black women, and overestimated hip fracture risk in Asian women. Purpose: FRAX® is calibrated using population-specific fracture and mortality data. The need for FRAX to accommodate ethnic diversity within a…
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Patients, Pride, and Prejudice: Exploring Black Ontarian Physicians’ Experiences of Racism and Discrimination

August 4, 2020

Purpose: Black physicians’ and trainees experiences of racism are not well documented in Canada, reflecting a knowledge gap needing correction to combat racism in Canadian health care. The authors undertook a descriptive study of Black physicians and trainees in the Canadian province of Ontario. The goal of this study was to report upon racism experienced…
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Willingness to Use Mental Health Services for Depression Among African Immigrants and White Canadian ‑ Born People in the Province of Quebec, Canada

August 1, 2020

Studies suggest that non-Caucasian immigrants to Canada are less likely than Canadian-born people to use mental health services. To meet the mental health needs of ethnocultural minorities, insights into their help-seeking attitudes are of great concern. This study examined the willingness of African immigrants and White Canadian-born to seek care for depression from conventional mental…
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