Canada

Community perspectives on addressing and responding to HIV ‑ testing, pre ‑ exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post ‑ exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) people in Ontario, Canada

May 7, 2022

Background: The African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) population of Ontario, Canada is composed of individuals with diverse ethnic, cultural and linguistic backgrounds and experiences; some of whom have resided in Canada for many generations, and others who have migrated in recent decades. Even though the ACB population represents less than 3.5% of the Canadian population,…
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Mobilizing communities and families for child mental health promotion in Canada: Views of African immigrants

May 1, 2022

Available evidence in Canada suggests mental health disparities between immigrant and non-immigrant children. Children born to immigrants face a greater risk of poor mental health outcomes. However, these comparisons often mask important ethno-racial differences in mental health risks and outcomes among immigrant populations. Recent evidence suggests African immigrant children have some of the poorest social…
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Recruitment Strategies to Engage Newcomer Mothers of African Descent in Maternal Mental Health Research in Canada

April 25, 2022

Introduction: Newcomer mothers of African descent are at risk for maternal mental stress because of inadequate social support, newcomer status, and stress of motherhood. Limited participation of newcomer African mothers in mental health research contributes to a knowledge gap in this area further impacting culturally competent health services. This article reports recruitment strategies to better…
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Prevalence and correlates of anxiety symptoms among Black people in Canada: A significant role for everyday racial discrimination and racial microaggressions

April 20, 2022

Objective: Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent worldwide but vary significantly by country and ethnoracial background. Minimal published data exist on the prevalence of clinically significant anxiety among Black people in Canada and none using validated measures. Therefore, this study sought to establish the frequency of clinically significant anxiety symptoms among a sample of Black people…
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Perceived Racial Discrimination, Internalized Racism, Social Support, and Self-Esteem Among Black Individuals in Canada: A Moderated Mediation Model

April 14, 2022

Objectives: Black Canadians report experiencing various forms of racial discrimination disproportionately.This study aimed to: (a) examine the association between everyday racial discrimination and self-esteem;(b) test the mediating role of internalized racism and social support in the association between racial discrimination and self-esteem, and (c) test the moderating role of gender and age in this same…
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Immigrant child health in Canada: a scoping review

April 5, 2022

Introduction: Understanding the health of immigrant children from birth to 18 years of age is important given the significance of the early childhood years and complexity of factors that may influence the health status of immigrant populations. Thus, the purpose of this review was to understand the extent and nature of the literature on the…
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Outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Canada: impact of ethnicity, migration status and country of birth.

March 8, 2022

Background: Ethnoracial groups in high-income countries have a 2-fold higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, associated hospitalizations, and mortality than Whites. Migrants are an ethnoracial subset that may have worse COVID-19 outcomes due to additional barriers accessing care, but there are limited data on in-hospital outcomes. We aimed to disaggregate and compare COVID-19 associated hospital outcomes…
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AIDS cases in Ottawa: A review of simultaneous HIV and AIDS diagnoses.

February 15, 2022

Objectives: In Canada, HIV diagnoses continue unabated, with many of these cases being identified at a late stage of infection. While current public health surveillance data does not capture timing of diagnoses, locally, we identified a number of patients concurrently diagnosed with AIDS and HIV. Design: To understand the key characteristics, presenting symptoms, and risk…
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“I feel like I’m just nowhere”: Causes and Challenges of Status Loss in Canada

February 6, 2022

In this qualitative study, researchers conducted interviews with 11 participants who had entered Canada through the Temporary Foreign Worker Program and who had since loss status. To understand the lived experiences of participants, this article deploys a theoretical framework of transnationalism centring the concept of precarious status. Findings show policy changes, abuse and exploitation by…
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Association of maternal socioeconomic status and race with risk of congenital heart disease: a population- based retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada

January 5, 2022

Objective: To investigate the interrelationships between maternal socioeconomic status (SES), race and congenital heart diseases (CHD) among infants. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Study setting: Ontario, Canada. Study population: All singleton stillbirths and live births born in hospitals between 1 April 2012 and 31 March 2018 in Ontario, Canada (n=804 292). Outcome: CHD. Analysis: Multivariable logistic…
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