Canada

Frequency and factors related to substance use among Black individuals aged 15-40 years old in Canada: The role of everyday racial discrimination.

March 30, 2023

Objective: Despite evidence that Black individuals are confronted with various types of racial discrimination that put them at risk for alcohol and substance use disorders, no study in Canada has assessed the frequency and factors related to substance use in Black communities. This study thus aims to examine the frequency and factors related to substance…
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Addressing HIV Misconceptions among Heterosexual Black Men and Communities in Ontario

March 29, 2023

Background: Black males accounted for 19.7% of all the new HIV diagnoses in Canada in 2020, yet Black people make up only 4.26% of the population. Persistent misconceptions about modes of HIV transmission need to be addressed to reduce the relatively high HIV prevalence among Black men. We described the HIV misconceptions held by some…
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Co-designing a Sexual Health App With Immigrant Adolescents: Protocol for a Qualitative Community-Based Participatory Action Research Study

March 22, 2023

Background: Canada is one of the world’s most ethnically diverse countries, with over 7 million individuals out of a population of 38 million being born in a foreign country. Immigrant adolescents (aged 10 to 19 years) make up a substantial proportion of newcomers to Canada. Religious and cultural practices can influence adolescents’ sexual attitudes and…
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Differences in clinical presentation at first hospitalization and the impact on involuntary admissions among first-generation migrant groups with non-affective psychotic disorders.

March 16, 2023

Background: Some migrant and ethnic minority groups have a higher risk of coercive pathways to care; however, it is unclear whether differences in clinical presentation contribute to this risk. We sought to assess: (i) whether there were differences in clinician-rated symptoms and behaviours across first-generation immigrant and refugee groups at the first psychiatric hospitalization after…
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Decolonizing research with Black youths

March 14, 2023

Black youths experience poor mental health especially due to anti-Black racism. Research related to Black youths have been conducted on Black youths with little or no participation or engagement rather than with Black youths. This paper presents information from a dialogue on decolonizing nursing research. I draw on interviews and conversation cafes with around 120…
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Race and Ethnicity With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes Within a Universal Health Care System: Insights From the CARTaGENE Study

March 7, 2023

Background: It remains unclear whether racial and ethnic disparities for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) persist within universal health care systems. We aimed to explore long-term ASCVD outcomes within a single-payer health care system with extensive drug coverage in Quebec, Canada. Methods: CARTaGENE (CaG) is a population-based prospective cohort study of individuals aged 40 to 69…
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Exploring Canadian perceptions and experiences of stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic

March 7, 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to stigmatization of individuals based on race/ethnicity, age, gender, and occupation, among other factors. We canvassed Canadian residents to explore perceptions of and experiences with stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted an online survey between June 10 and December 31 2020. The survey was rooted in the…
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Vitamin D Status of People 3 to 79 Years of Age from the Canadian Health Measures Survey 2012–2019

February 26, 2023

Background: Vitamin D is recognized in bone health and the prevention of rickets and osteomalacia.Objective: This study aimed to assess vitamin D status of people in Canada and to identify factors associated with vitamin D inadequacy and deficiency. Methods: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (cycles 3–6, n ¼ 21,770, 3–79…
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Mortality inequalities of Black adults in Canada

February 15, 2023

Background: Mortality rates in Canada have been shown to vary by population group (e.g., Indigenous peoples, immigrants) and social economic status (e.g., income levels). Mortality patterns for some groups, including Black individuals, are not as well known. The objective of this study was to assess cause-specific mortality for Black adults living in Canada. Methods: Mortality…
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CMAJ’s new guidance on the reporting of race and ethnicity in research articles Nouveau guide du JAMC sur la déclaration de la race et de l’ethnie dans les articles de recherche

February 13, 2023

Health equity cannot be achieved without equitable evidence, but equitable evidence does not exist across racial and ethnic groups. For example, in more than 20 000 clinical trials conducted in the United States between 2000 and 2020, fewer than half compared study outcomes among different racial and ethnic groups, and recruitment within them was poorly…
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