Journal Article

Fifteen-year trends in self-reported racism and link with health and well-being of African Canadian adolescents: a secondary data analysis

April 12, 2021

Background: We assessed the prevalence and trends in racial discrimination among African Canadian adolescents in British Columbia. The association between racial discrimination and self-rated health, access to mental health services, substance use, suicidal thoughts and attempts, experience of extreme stress, among others were examined within the 2018 dataset. Methods: Secondary analysis used the data collected…
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Prevalence and correlates of depression among Black individuals in Canada: The major role of everyday racial discrimination

April 2, 2021

Background: Depression is a common mental health problem causing significant disability globally, including in Canada. Prevalence estimates for depression within Black communities in Canada are unknown. This study determined the prevalence of depression in a sample of Black Canadians and the association between everyday racial discrimination experiences and depression. Methods: We analyzed data collected from…
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A Scoping Review of the Health of African Immigrant and Refugee Children

March 28, 2021

Migration is a growing phenomenon around the world, including within the African continent. Many migrants, especially African children, face challenges related to health and social inclusion and can face increased health risks. A systematic scoping review of available literature on the health of African migrant children across the globe was conducted to offer insight into…
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Surviving the employment gap: a cross-sectional survey of internationally educated nurses

March 9, 2021

Aim: To examine the extent to which the type of financial assistance (personal resources, social programmes and earnings) and source country influence the length of time for internationally educated nurses to secure employment as regulated nurses in Canada. Background: Internationally educated nurses must professionally recertify in order to work as regulated nurses in Canada. For…
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Black Resilience: A Strategic Asset for Engaging Heterosexual Black Canadian Men in Community Responses to HIV

March 8, 2021

Black people’s disproportionate burden of HIV in Canada has raised questions about whether they are sufficiently resilient to HIV, and how to promote resilience. In this paper, we critically examine the issue of resilience among heterosexual Black men in four large Canadian cities (Ottawa, Toronto, London, and Windsor). In 2016, a team of researchers engaged…
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Correlates of Casual Sex Amidst Vulnerability to HIV Among ACB Heterosexual Men in Ottawa and Windsor, Ontario Canada

February 8, 2021

Heterosexual exposure is the second highest means of HIV transmission; and African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) men face greater risks. Black men can reduce the disproportionately high HIV prevalence in their communities by changing their socially misconstrued masculine role. We analysed factors predisposing heterosexual ACB men to risky sexual behaviour, particularly multiple casual sex partnerships…
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Sexual Debut Among Heterosexual Men of African and Caribbean Descent: Are the Youth Initiating Sex Earlier than the Older Generation?.

February 4, 2021

Although age at first sex is considered a measure of sexual risk and vulnerability for HIV infection, there is a dearth of literature on age at sexual debut in the Canadian context. This study examined time variations to first sex among heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) men in four Ontarian cities. A population-based retrospective…
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Leaving no one behind? An equity analysis of the HIV care cascade among a cohort of people living with HIV in Manitoba, Canada

January 12, 2021

Background: Manitoba is a central Canadian province with annual rates of new HIV infections consistently higher than the Canadian average. National surveillance statistics and data from the provincial HIV care program suggest that epidemiological heterogeneity exists across Manitoba. New HIV cases are disproportionately reported among females, Indigenous-identifying individuals, and those with a history of injection…
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Untangling racism: Stress reactions in response to variations of racism against Black Canadians

January 11, 2021

The ability to effectively contend with racism is likely undermined by factors that promote uncertainty regarding racist motives. A national policy of multiculturalism exists in Canada, which is intended to encourage cultural diversity, but can also serve to mask systemic racism. This may contribute to uncertainty when racism is encountered, with implications for the appraisals,…
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Social and economic influences on disparities in the health of racial and ethnic group Canadian immigrants

January 8, 2021

Objective: To examine social, economic, and migratory influences on the health of racial and ethnic minority groups in Canada, with a special focus on Caribbean immigrants. Methods: Combined annual cycles (2011–2016) of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) data totaling over 300,000 adult Canadian residents were aggregated. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models were…
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