Canada

Pathways From HIV-Related Stigma, Racial Discrimination, and Gender Discrimination to HIV Treatment Outcomes Among Women Living With HIV in Canada: Longitudinal Cohort Findings.

July 1, 2023

Background: HIV-related stigma, gender discrimination, and racial discrimination harm mental health and hamper HIV treatment access for women living with HIV. Maladaptive coping strategies, such as substance use, can further worsen HIV treatment outcomes, whereas resilience can improve HIV outcomes. We examined resilience and depression as mediators of the relationship between multiple stigmas and HIV…
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Access to healthcare services and confidence in healthcare professionals’ management of malaria: the views of Francophone sub-Saharan African Immigrants living in western Canada

July 1, 2023

Background: There is a paucity of knowledge about the healthcare attitudes and practices of French-speaking immigrants originating from Sub-Saharan Africa (FISSA) living in minority settings. The purpose of this study was to characterize FISSA healthcare experiences and confidence in the malaria-related knowledge of health professionals in Edmonton. Methods: A structured survey was used to examine…
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Organizational and Practitioner Challenges to Black Youth Accessing Mental Health Care in Canada: Problems and Solutions

July 1, 2023

This article aims to elucidate the barriers to mental health care for Black youth by providing the perspectives of youth, caregivers, and service providers. Given the significance of service provision, analysis is focused on accessing the mental health care system at the organizational and practitioner levels. The present study explored the barriers and facilitators to…
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The association of gestational age at birth with trajectories of early childhood developmental delay among late preterm and early term born children: A longitudinal analysis of All Our Families pregnancy cohort

July 1, 2023

Background: Like infants born very preterm (<32 weeks), late preterm (≥34 and <37 weeks) and early term (≥37 and <39 weeks) births have been associated with increased risk of developmental delay (DD); yet, the evidence remains heterogeneous across the continuum of gestational ages, hindering early identification and intervention. Objective: To estimate the association of gestational…
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Use of Menthol Cigarettes and Accessories Among Youth Who Smoked After the Menthol Cigarette Ban in England and Canada, 2021: Implications for Health Equity

June 29, 2023

Introduction: This study examined menthol cigarette use among youth who smoked, after menthol cigarette bans were implemented in England (May 2020) and Canada (October 2017). Aims and Methods: Cross-sectional data come from 2021 ITC Youth Tobacco and Vaping Survey respondents aged 16–19 who smoked in the past 30 d in England (N = 715) and…
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HIV prevalence among a retrospective clinical cohort of transgender women in Canada: Results of the Montreal-Toronto Trans study, collected 2018-2019

June 16, 2023

Background: HIV prevalence data among transgender (trans) people are not routinely collected in national estimates, including Canada, contributing to gender-based inequities. We examined HIV prevalence and associated factors among trans women in clinical care in two large Canadian cities. Methods: Retrospective chart data of trans women aged 16+ were collected from six family medicine and/or…
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Understanding Pregnancy Intentions among Black Women Living with HIV in Two North American Cities and One African City

June 6, 2023

Despite increased access to and improvements in contraceptives, unintended pregnancy continues to be a problem globally and is associated with adverse outcomes for mothers and infants. This paper seeks to unravel the mediators of intended versus unintended pregnancies among Black women living with HIV. The paper draws on survey data from a broader multi-country mixed…
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Social Correlates of HIV-Risky Behaviours among African Canadian Adolescents Living in British Columbia, Canada: A Secondary Data Analysis.

June 1, 2023

Studies have linked HIV-risky behaviours among young people to several socio-contextual factors. However, the social factors that might increase African Canadian adolescents’ exposure to HIV-risky behaviours, including unprotected sex and forced or multiple-sexual partnerships, have received little or no attention in the literature. Using data from the British Columbia Adolescent Health Surveys (2003–2018) and guided…
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Between agency and systemic barriers: Pathways to medicine and health sciences among Black students with immigrant parents from the Caribbean or Sub-Saharan Africa in Quebec, Canada

May 31, 2023

This qualitative study, based on life stories, documents the pathways to medicine and health sciences of Black students with immigrant parents from the Caribbean or Sub-Saharan Africa in Quebec, Canada. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors that shape their educational pathways using Doray’s framework. Even among students from families with substantial…
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Identity and COVID-19 in Canada: Gender, ethnicity, and minority status.

May 24, 2023

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, growing evidence from the United States, the United Kingdom, and China has demonstrated the unequal social and economic burden of this health crisis. Yet, in Canada, studies assessing the socioeconomic and demographic determinants of COVID-19, and how these determinants vary by gender and ethnic minority status, remain scarce. As new…
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