Black

Exploring the dynamic transitions of polysubstance use patterns among Canadian youth using Latent Markov Models on COMPASS data.

July 1, 2022

Background: Understanding what factors lead to youth polysubstance use (PSU) patterns and how the transitions between use patterns can inform the design and implementation of PSU prevention programs. We explore the dynamics of PSU patterns from a large cohort of Canadian secondary school students using machine learning techniques. Methods: We employed a multivariate latent Markov…
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A cross-sectional investigation of HIV prevalence and risk factors among African, Caribbean and Black people in Ontario: The A/C Study

July 1, 2022

Background: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has disproportionately affected African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) communities in Canada. We investigated the prevalence and factors associated with HIV infection among ACB people in Ontario. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of first- and second-generation ACB people aged 15–64 years in Toronto and Ottawa (Ontario, Canada). We collected sociodemographic…
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“Jamaican” as Synecdoche for Black Male Identification: Performing Blackness in Toronto

July 1, 2022

Findings from youth focus groups in Jamaica and Canada between spring and summer 2013 elucidate the ways in which the construction of Jamaican masculinity is both deployed and challenged by Black youth in Toronto. In Toronto, where Jamaicans make up the largest share of Black communities, Jamaica and Jamaicanness are made to stand in for…
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Predictors of Unsuccessful Hydroxychloroquine Tapering and Discontinuation: Can We Personalize Decision-Making in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment?

July 1, 2022

Objective: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a key systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) drug, making concerns of drug shortages grave. Our objective was to evaluate factors associated with poor outcomes after HCQ taper or discontinuation in SLE. Methods: We studied 5 Canadian SLE cohorts between 1999 and 2019, following patients from the date of HCQ tapering (cohort 1)…
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De-problematizing masculinity among heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black male youth and men

July 1, 2022

Objectives: The dominant discourse in literature often constructs heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) masculinity as inherently problematic and in need of "correction, repair, or rescue." This discourse privileges hegemonic male standards and conceals the power relations that shape racialized masculinities. Our study of self-identified heterosexual ACB men and male youth examines how performative and…
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Nationwide retrospective study of hepatitis B virological response and liver stiffness improvement in 465 patients on nucleos(t)ide analogue.

July 1, 2022

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) therapy reduces liver disease but requires prolonged therapy to achieve hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss. There is limited North American real-world data using non-invasive tools for fibrosis assessment and few have compared 1 stgeneration NA or lamivudine (LAM) to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Aim: To assess…
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African immigrant students’ participation in Canadian health-promoting schools

July 1, 2022

Background: Students are key stakeholders in schools, and their participation in the work of health-promoting schools (HPS) is crucial. This study focused on African immigrant students to Canada, who face the unique challenge of navigating unfamiliar school systems. The purpose of the study was to understand how immigrant students imagined, felt and thought about themselves…
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“She’s Very Known in the School”: Black Girls, Race, Gender, and Sexual Violence in Ontario Schools

July 1, 2022

Discourse on the experiences of Black adolescents in Ontario schools is largely centered on achievement statistics and disciplinary experiences. Much attention has been given to the negative experiences of Black boys, particularly their increased likelihood of being pushed out of school, and as being outperformed by their female counterparts and students of other racial backgrounds.…
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Online Knowledge Translation Program Involving Video Games and University Student-Led Tutorials About Cannabis and Psychosis for Black Youth: Mixed Method Feasibility Study

July 1, 2022

Background: We have piloted a new online knowledge translation (KT) program created to educate youth about cannabis effects, which uniquely focuses on mental health risks for Black youth. Youth are generally unaware of the research linking underage usage and the risk of psychosis. Youth from some Black racialized communities in Ontario may be disproportionately affected…
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Perceived racial discrimination, psychosomatic symptoms, and resilience among Black individuals in Canada: A moderated mediation model

July 1, 2022

Objective: Although no study has explored psychosomatic symptoms in Black communities in Canada, several studies in the United States showed that psychological distress is often express as physical pain among African Americans. Using a cross-sectional design, the present study documents the frequency of psychosomatic symptoms and its association to racial discrimination, and resilience among Black…
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